They did. A special version, known as HARVEST, was developed for the US National Security Agency (NSA). The first offering to the public required the buyer to purchase one to be given to a child in the developing world as a condition of acquiring a machine for themselves. Which of the following is not a benefit offered by simulations? The Manchester Mark I used more than 1,300 vacuum tubes and occupied an area the size of a medium room. Dell dropped out of school to focus on his business and in 1985, the company produced the first computer of its own design, the Turbo PC, which sold for $795. That's not as trivial. Leaving Palm Inc., Ed Colligan, Donna Dubinsky, and Jeff Hawkins found Handspring. The first IBM PC, formally known as the IBM Model 5150, was based on a 4.77 MHz Intel 8088 microprocessor and used Microsofts MS-DOS operating system. Description. Plans for the Mark-8 cost $5 and the blank circuit boards were available for $50. Built by a team led by engineers Frederick Williams and Tom Kilburn, the Mark I serves as the prototype for Ferrantis first computer the Ferranti Mark 1. Constructed at MITs Lincoln Laboratory, the TX-0 moved to the MIT Research Laboratory of Electronics, where it hosted some early imaginative tests of programming, including writing a Western movie shown on television, 3-D tic-tac-toe, and a maze in which a mouse found martinis and became increasingly inebriated. DSKY interface for the Apollo Guidance Computer. What is the best statement about your choice of a microcontroller for the project? What type of web-based creation is produced when a teacher has art students sketchnoting about a visiting artist's lecture? Simon featured on the November 1950 Scientific American cover, The hobbyist magazine Radio Electronics publishes Edmund Berkeley's design for the Simon 1 relay computer from 1950 to 1951. To protect it from earthquakes, the building housing it was built using a seismic isolation system that used rubber supports. The Apple Mac computer running the Mac OS System 1 was the first commercially available computer with a graphical user interface. Building a computer into the watch form factor has been attempted many times but the release of the Apple Watch leads to a new level of excitement. . (C) The Regent Corporation's microcomputer can be used in conjunction with higher-priced microcomputers manufactured by other companies. The function of an output device is to: Selected Answer: Convert electronic information produced by the computer system into human-intelligible form for presentation to end-users. It could also share files and print out documents on an advanced Xerox laser printer. The 2116A is HPs first computer. Paragon systems were used in many scientific areas, including atmospheric and oceanic flow studies, and energy research. Microcomputers are an interesting part of the history of both computing and video games. Southwest Technical Products is founded by Daniel Meyer as DEMCO in the 1960s to provide a source for kit versions of projects published in electronics hobbyist magazines. After the success of the first LEO, Lyons went into business manufacturing computers to meet the growing need for data processing systems in business. IBM released a new operating system, OS/2, at the same time, allowing the use of a mouse with IBM PCs for the first time. The RISC PC was used widely in UK broadcast television and in music production. Walt Disney Pictures ordered eight of the 200B model to test recording equipment and speaker systems for the 12 specially equipped theatres that showed the movie Fantasia in 1940. The J-Phone line would quickly expand, releasing a flip-phone version just a month later. After successfully demonstrating a proof-of-concept prototype in 1939, Professor John Vincent Atanasoff receives funds to build a full-scale machine at Iowa State College (now University). The first stored-program computer to be built in continental Europe was the MESM, completed in the Soviet Union in 1950. Designed by engineer Gardner Hendrie for Computer Control Corporation (CCC), the DDP-116 is announced at the 1965 Spring Joint Computer Conference. Apple had initially included a handle in their Macintosh computers to encourage users to take their Macs on the go, though not until five years after the initial introduction does Apple introduce a true portable computer. The word "computer" was first used in 1613 in the book The Yong Mans Gleanings by Richard Braithwaite and originally described a human who performed calculations or computations. Marketed as a fast, extremely accurate electronic slide rule with a solid-state memory similar to that of a computer, the HP-35 distinguished itself from its competitors by its ability to perform a broad variety of logarithmic and trigonometric functions, to store more intermediate solutions for later use, and to accept and display entries in a form similar to standard scientific notation. The upgraded and faster Tianhe-1A used Intel Xeon CPUs as well, but switched to nVidia's Tesla GPUs and added more than 2,000 Fei-Tang (SPARC-based) processors. During the 1980s and early 1990s, ____ was the dominant operating system for microcomputers. The PowerBook 100 was the entry-level machine, while the PowerBook 140 was more powerful and had a larger memory. Store the results for future use Hardware the electronical and mechanical equipment that makes up a computer. The British Broadcasting Corporations Computer Literacy Project hoped to introduce interested adults to the world of computers. Acorn produces a popular computer, the BBC Microcomputer System, so viewers at home could follow along on their own home computers as they watched the program. What kind of software tool are Notebook and ActivInspire examples of? effects of word processing on students' handwriting. "Best study app ever! The project became the One Laptop per Child Consortium (OLPC) founded by Nicholas Negroponte, the founder of MIT's Media Lab. Univac computers were used in many different applications but utilities, insurance companies and the US military were major customers. Accept data (input) 2. Developed by the Japanese government to create global climate models, the Earth Simulator is a massively parallel, vector-based system that costs nearly 60 billion yen (roughly $600 million at the time). The HP-35 helped HP become one of the most dominant companies in the handheld calculator market for more than two decades. Spreadsheet This printing programmable calculator was made from discrete transistors and an acoustic delay-line memory. Only about thirty NEACs were sold. While Sun workstations didn't utilize commodity PC hardware like Linux was later developed for, it represented the . Daniel Hillis of Thinking Machines Corporation moves artificial intelligence a step forward when he develops the controversial concept of massive parallelism in the Connection Machine CM-1. Combined with an enhanced bus interface unit, the microprocessor doubled the performance of the 386 without increasing the clock rate. What is the general term for software whose source code is made available for free and permits users to use, change, and improve it? It would serve as the model for several other significant multi-processor systems that would be among the fastest in the world. Commodore releases the VIC-20 home computer as the successor to the Commodore PET personal computer. It interfaced with a wide number of standard laboratory instruments, allowing customers to computerize their instrument systems. After the war, Herzstarks Curta made history as the smallest all-mechanical, four-function calculator ever built. Approximately 90 percent of PCs run some version of Windows. Total Cards. A (n) _____ is a computer that controls access to the hardware and software on a network and provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information. Xerox wasnt interested. The Earth Simulator was listed as the fastest supercomputer in the world from 2002 to 2004. Subject. The Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator (SSEC) project, led by IBM engineer Wallace Eckert, uses both relays and vacuum tubes to process scientific data at the rate of 50 14 x 14 digit multiplications per second. VisiCalc was released in 1979 and quickly became a must-have tool for business users. The 6502 and its progeny are still used today, usually in embedded applications. What have recent studies of online school performance compared with traditional school performance shown? The laser printer was used with PARCs Alto computer, and was commercialized as the Xerox 9700. Featuring the first graphical user interface (GUI) for IBM -compatible PCs, the Windows OS soon dominated the PC market. mainframe computer. 0.5 out of 0.5 points. One of the earliest personal computers, the Kenbak-1 is advertised for $750 in Scientific American magazine. The Jaguar was used to study climate science, seismology, and astrophysics applications. Compaq beats IBM to the market when it announces the Deskpro 386, the first computer on the market to use Intels new 80386 chip, a 32-bit microprocessor with 275,000 transistors on each chip. The Retina display became standard on most of the iPad, iPhone, MacBook, and Apple Watch product lines. !" "The only app I use when I need to get down to business." Until the year 2000, it was the world's fastest supercomputer, able to achieve peak performance of 1.3 teraflops, (about 1.3 trillion calculations per second). Designed by Don Lancaster, the TV Typewriter is an easy-to-build kit that can display alphanumeric information on an ordinary television set. Modeled after the Cambridge University EDSAC computer, the president of Lyons Tea Co. has the LEO built to solve the problem of production scheduling and delivery of cakes to the hundreds of Lyons tea shops around England. Assessment instruments may have lower reliability and validity when used with non-native English speakers. The Roadrunner is the first computer to reach a sustained performance of 1 petaflop (one thousand trillion floating point operations per second). Compaq's success launched a market for IBM-compatible computers that by 1996 had achieved an 83-percent share of the personal computer market. Microcomputer was formerly a commonly used term for personal computers, particularly any of a class of small digital computers whose CPU is contained on a single integrated semiconductor chip. The Air incorporated many of the technologies that had been associated with Apple's MacBook line of laptops, including integrated camera, and Wi-Fi capabilities. Online retailer Amazon released the Kindle, one of the first to gain a large following among consumers. The 2116A also marked HP's first use of integrated circuits in a commercial product. This free, public set of lectures inspired the EDSAC, BINAC, and, later, IAS machine clones like the AVIDAC. It was eventually housed at NASAs Ames Research Center in Mountain View, California. The handbook is complemented by two companion documents: Microcomputers in Transit: A Software Handbook, and Microcomputers in The architecture that allowed Windows and IBM OS/2 has remained in subsequent chips. The machine had a fifty-foot long camshaft running the length of machine that synchronized the machines thousands of component parts and used 3,500 relays. Powerful microcomputers developed for use by commercial, educational and government enterprises are called ____. Applications that came as part of the package included MacPaint, which made use of the mouse, and MacWrite, which demonstrated WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) word processing. At MIT, researchers begin experimenting with direct keyboard input to computers, a precursor to todays normal mode of operation. The boss wants it to have a complex user interface with a time display, touch panel buttons and accurate timing for the toast cycle. If a social studies teacher wanted to poll students anonymously about their opinions on a local issue, what tool might she use to gather their data? This type of computer is useful in performing many of the mathematical equations scientists and engineers encounter in their work. Designed by Sunnyvale, California native Steve Wozniak, and marketed by his friend Steve Jobs, the Apple-1 is a single-board computer for hobbyists. IBM's brand recognition, along with a massive marketing campaign, ignites the fast growth of the personal computer market with the announcement of its own personal computer (PC). Which is an acknowledged benefit of software with drill and practice functions? At 4 million operations per second and 4 kilobytes of memory, the 80386 gave PCs as much speed and power as older mainframes and minicomputers. With a peak speed of over a petaflop (one thousand trillion calculations per second), the Tianhe 1 (translation: Milky Way 1) is developed by the Chinese National University of Defense Technology using Intel Xeon processors combined with AMD graphic processing units (GPUs). Each credit card-sized Arduino board consisted of an inexpensive microcontroller and signal connectors which made Arduinos ideal for use in any application connecting to or monitoring the outside world. refers to symbols that represent fast objects and ideas. There are many stand-alone utility programs available as an alternative to the operating system'sutility programs. The 701 introduction also marked the beginning of IBMs entry into the large-scale computer market, a market it came to dominate in later decades. Question 13. The Nest allowed for remote access to a users homes thermostat by using a smartphone or tablet and could also send monthly power consumption reports to help save on energy bills. Intel released the 80486 microprocessor and the i860 RISC/coprocessor chip, each of which contained more than 1 million transistors. Produce results (output) 4. Only one month later, another one million Raspberry Pis were delivered. Tailored for online transaction processing, the Tandem-16 is one of the first commercial fault-tolerant computers. The keyboard was comprised of three roughly triangular interlocking pieces, which formed a full-sized keyboard when the laptop was opened -- resulting in a keyboard significantly wider than the case. False It has pre-programmed curricular material. Headquartered in Maynard, Massachusetts, Digital Equipment Corporation, took over 8,680 square foot leased space in a nineteenth century mill that once produced blankets and uniforms for soldiers who fought in the Civil War. In 1984, Michael Dell creates PC's Limited while still a student of the University of Texas at Austin. The electronic circuits (registers) of the arithmetic- logic unit perform both the arithmetic and logic functions needed for the software instructions to be executed. The first of several personal computers released in 1977, the PET comes fully assembled with either 4 or 8 KB of memory, a built-in cassette tape drive, and a membrane keyboard. the _____ screen is the first screen displayed. IBMs initial investment of $5 billion was quickly returned as orders for the system climbed to 1,000 per month within two years. University of Manchester researchers Frederic Williams, Tom Kilburn, and Geoff Toothill develop the Small-Scale Experimental Machine (SSEM), better known as the Manchester "Baby." Replacing their Archimedes computer, the RISC PC from UK's Acorn Computers uses the ARMv3 RISC microprocessor. The Z3, an early computer built by German engineer Konrad Zuse working in complete isolation from developments elsewhere, uses 2,300 relays, performs floating point binary arithmetic, and has a 22-bit word length. When was the word "computer" first used? Conceived in the UK by the Raspberry Pi Foundation, this credit card-sized computer features ease of use and simplicity making it highly popular with students and hobbyists. Reduced instruction set computers (RISC) grow out of the observation that the simplest 20 percent of a computers instruction set does 80 percent of the work. It was originally created for a nuclear missile design project in 1949 by a team led by Fred Steele. It was also repeatedly expanded and improved throughout its 13-year lifespan. Updates called _____ contain fixes and enhancements to the operating system. The Amiga sold for $1,295 (without monitor) and had audio and video capabilities beyond those found in most other personal computers. Which of the following has research shown to be a benefit of online learning? microprocessor/ processor. Sold complete with a main logic board, switching power supply, keyboard, case, manual, game paddles, and cassette tape containing the game Breakout, the Apple-II finds popularity far beyond the hobbyist community which made up Apples user community until then. The PET was popular with schools and for use as a home computer. Bill Gates and Paul Allen licensed their BASIC programming language interpreter to MITS as the main language for the Altair. DEC is founded initially to make electronic modules for test, measurement, prototyping and control markets. Wi-Fi Definition. It performed 2 million instructions per second, but other RISC-based computers worked significantly faster. Although manufactured by Remington Rand, the machine was often mistakenly referred to as the IBM Univac." The basic computer cost $28,500. The display also used In Plane Switching (IPS) technology, which allowed for a wider viewing angle and improved color accuracy. Operator at Complex Number Calculator (CNC). Lenovo became the largest manufacturer of PCs in the world with the acquisition, later also acquiring IBM's server line of computers. What type of web-based creation is produced when students submit their written or artistic products to a website? These tables were later confirmed by using more modern computers for the actual flights. It also included more memory and accommodated high-density 1.2-megabyte 5 1/4-inch floppy disks. Announced the year previously at the New York World's Fair the Programma 101 goes on sale. Kilburn (left) and Williams in front of 'Baby'. Its large scope intrigued early hackers at MIT, who wrote the first computerized video game, SpaceWar!, as well as programs to play music. The handwriting recognition software was much maligned for inaccuracy. Which of the following is not a quality to look for in well-developed tutorial software? Introduced at the Altair Convention in Albuquerque in March 1976, the visual display module enabled the use of personal computers for interactive games. Its task was to detect incoming Soviet bombers and direct interceptor aircraft to destroy them. Selling for $1,750, the Micral never penetrated the U.S. market. It was named after John von Neumann, a world famous mathematician and computer pioneer of the day. The mill is still in use today as an office park (Clock Tower Place) today. What is the first step when designing and creating a web page or website? Shortly after delivery of the Atari VCS game console, Atari designs two microcomputers with game capabilities: the Model 400 and Model 800. The Nova was first to employ medium-scale integration (MSI) circuits from Fairchild Semiconductor, with subsequent models using large-scale integrated (LSI) circuits. See Answer. The 470V/6 was the companys first product and ran the same software as IBM System/370 computers but cost less and was smaller and faster. Hewlett and Packard in their garage workshop. After retiring their initial Visor series of PDAs, Handspring introduced the Treo line of smartphones, designed with built-in keyboards, cameras, and the Palm operating system. The world's first scanned image was made on SEAC by engineer Russell Kirsch in 1957. It was used to model the decay of the US nuclear arsenal, analyze financial data, and render 3D medical images in real-time.

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