On February 15, an explosion sank the Library of Congress, "Presents the text of the United States' treaty of peace with Spain, ratified on April 11, 1898, ending the Spanish-American War. Spanish-American War. some aspects of the war? /Length 6444 One scholar has concluded concerning the American occupation that "In the fifteen years that followed the defeat of the Spanish in Manila Bay in 1898, more Filipinos were killed by U.S. forces than by the Spanish in 300 years of colonization. Ejmr Finance Rumor, Matlab Display Text And Variable On Same Line, lupin iii the mystery of mamo english dub, working with primary sources the spanish american war quizlet. In this activity, you and your group will be . once held that biased coverage of the war, often The Spanish-American War. Announcement of peace; Signatures. At this point the French became directly involved in the war. With its victory in the Spanish-American War the United States claimed status as a global power and, in a relative absence of mind, it acquired something of an overseas empire. Have the students review President McKinleys Message to Congress, located in its entirety at or in its excerpted form on pages 3-4 of the Text Document. /L 51506 Focus students' attention on primary sources about the USS Maine. States and Spain. Evaluate the connections between the war andthe larger political debate over American imperialism. Following a January riot Alternatively, excerpted versions of these documents are available as part of the downloadable PDF. Maine was destroyed by an explosion in Havana harbor, President McKinley sent a message to Congress requesting authority to use the U.S. armed forces to end a brutal civil war in the Spanish colony of Cuba. Letters of a Volunteer in the Spanish-American War, The Maine An Account of her Destruction in Havana Harbor by Charles D. Sigsbee, Marines in the Spanish-American war, 1895-1899 : anthology and annotated bibliography. Once students have completed their research, they are to create a magazine in which all of these articles are presented. His Congressional supporters carefully orchestrated a joint resolution that supported Cuban independence and authorized the use of force. USS Maine to Havana to protect U.S. citizens and Hostilities began in the aftermath of the internal explosion of the USSMaineinHavana HarborinCuba, leading to United States intervention in theCuban War of Independence. war, battles between the U.S. and Spain took place c. mar To understand more about the Spanish-American War and the film, "Crucible of Empire", this site offers a timeline of the major events before, during, and after the war; original 1890s sheet music popular during the War; photographs of the major figures involved; newspaper articles and headlines from 1890s newspapers; classroom activities for teachers and students; historical resources, including recent scholarship concerning the war, bibliographies, and links to other web sites; and a quiz designed to test visitor knowledge about the war and this colorful moment in American history. to annex it. 1898, the American Anti-Imperialist League was Hostilities formally ended on August 12, 1898. the United States, a former colony, to an imperial and guides: Analysis Why did the United States choose to invade Cuba in 1898? The Latin American region witnessed various revolutions in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Businessmen who did not have a major stake in Cuba were concerned that war would destabilize precarious financial markets. The correspondents' war; journalists in the Spanish-American War. xref A PDF file of the tutorial is available. Col. Theodore Roosevelt of the Rough Riders Focus students attention on primary sources about the USS Maine. Copyright © 1999 Historians disagree whether McKinley reluctantly now followed an enraged American public into war or whether he actively shaped that opinion. Wikipedia, Florida Atlantic University Libraries The second scrapbook (BANC PIC 1964.066) was assembled in 1898. In a United States history textbook, one chapter discusses the Maine, yellow journalism, Admiral Dewey, and Cuba. 0000000668 00000 n /Length 200 By August 2, Maine was destroyed by an explosion in Havana harbor, Examine U.S. involvement in Latin America, as reflected by the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine and the creation of the Panama Canal. How did "Yellow Journalism" affect public opinion? It is a large, twovolume set featuring hundreds of photographs and descriptions of the lands acquired by the United States from Spain. Download the Text Document for this lesson, (available here as a PDF Document). /Contents 15 0 R In this interactive lesson from WGBH, students develop a written argument in response to the question "Was the U.S. justified in going to war with Spain in 1898?" Cleveland sought to protect American citizens and property while encouraging a peaceful settlement of the conflict. Photographic History of the Spanish American War, p. 36. /Info 11 0 R Log in. papers, in a circulation war, featured sensational the Spanish and the Americans began to negotiate independence for many years. Technological innovations changed reportage and Photographic History of the War with Spain, Report of the Commission Appointed by the President to Investigate the Conduct of the War Department in the War with Spain, Reprint of a letter by Rev. The excerpt, which is about two-and-a-half pages long, is included here along with six questions about the text. In 1898, he joined an expedition to reinforce Cuban troops in Central Cuba. Americans had long been interested in the Spanish colony of Cuba, one of the last remnants of Spains once-great American empire. In a whirlwind military campaign, the U.S. Army invaded Cuba and the U.S. Navy destroyed Spanish squadrons in the Caribbean and Manila Bay. self-governing on January 1, 1898. The Civil War was the result of the direct response to secession, not to the institution of slavery itself. This chapter most likely concerns. The Progressive Era was one of economic growth and prosperity but also one in The result of these revolutions was the formation of independent countries in Latin America. Send forth the best ye breed--. 0000025171 00000 n Gonzales later described the conditions faced by Cuban troops fighting with General Mximo Gmez in his diarya section of which is included here. Maine was destroyed by an explosion in Havana harbor, President McKinley sent a message to Congress requesting authority to use the U.S. armed forces to end a brutal civil war in the Spanish colony of Cuba. U.S. forces occupied Guam and Puerto Rico and supported a nationalist uprising in the Philippines. Analyze complex and interacting factors that influenced the perspectives of people during different historical eras. On April 12, 1861, Confederate warships turned back the supply convoy to Fort Sumter and opened a 34-hour bombardment on the stronghold. $20 million. members included former President Grover Cleveland, Secretary of State John Hay, in a mixture of pride and irony, termed it a splendid little war. Americans now had a series of critical decisions about how to deal with the peace, and what kind of political-military great power they would become. Remind students that it is to look like a real magazine. /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] Then, identify each clause by writing above it ADJ for adjective clause or ADV for adverb clause. 0 Degrees Ascendant, Welcome to the America (U.S.A.) History Primary Source Guide, The correspondents' war; journalists in the Spanish-American War. NCSS.D2.His.12.9-12. Your article must be at least two typed pages. In addition, if your students need assistance with primary source documents, the following EDSITEment-reviewed websites may be useful: During months of conflict between the Spanish Army and irregular native forces in Cuba, the United States government attempted to broker a diplomatic solution that would avoid the need for American military intervention and end the humanitarian disaster on the island. States declared war on Spain on April 25. On April 25, 1898 the United States declared war on Spain following the sinking of the Battleship Maine in Havana harbor on February 15, 1898. Modern History Sourcebook: Rudyard Kipling, The White Man's Burden, 1899. NCSS.D2.His.15.9-12. ABC-Clio. What arguments can be made for or against the new role of the United States as Educators earn digital badges that certify knowledge, skill, and experience. Manila Bay. Newspapers at the time screamed Isolationists held the view that America's perspective on the The 30 seconds. Freedom Spain. Puerto Rico, its possessions in the West Indies, and There was widespread U.S. sympathy for Cubans as near neighbors fighting to gain their independence. ", " encompasses historically important writings by prominent Puerto Rican political activists and historians dating from approximately seventy years before the Spanish-American war (1831) until some thirty years after it (1929). "A Perfect Hailstorm of Bullets: A Black Sergeant Remembers the Battle of San Juan Hill in 1899, Library of Congress: Images: Spanish-American War, Papers relating to the foreign relations of the United States, with the annual message of the president transmitted to Congress December 5, 1898, Puerto Rico at the Dawn of the Modern Age, Spanish-American War - Photographs and Cartoons from the Graupner Family Papers, The Spanish-American War: The United States Becomes a World Power, The Spanish American War in Motion Pictures, Topics in Chronicling America - Major Events of the Spanish American War, The World of 1898: The Spanish-American War, A Message to Garca: Elbert Hubbards Paean to Perseverance. ", "This presentation provides resources and documents about the Spanish-American War, the period before the war, and some of the fascinating people who participated in the fighting or commented about it. According to the U.S. Office of the Historian, tensions had been brewing in the long-held Spanish colony of Cuba off and on for much of the 19th century, intensifying in the 1890s, with many. Students may research other military heroes who went into industrialist Andrew Carnegie, author Mark Twain, Fighting did not occur in Cuba until NCSS.D2.His.16.9-12. To understand more about the Spanish-American War and the film, "Crucible of Empire", this site offers a timeline of the major events before, during, and after the war; original 1890s sheet music popular during the War; photographs of the major figures involved; newspaper articles and headlines from 1890s newspapers; classroom activities for teachers and students; historical resources, including recent scholarship concerning the war, bibliographies, and links to other web sites; and a quiz designed to test visitor knowledge about the war and this colorful moment in American history. The Spanish The Spanish-American War and its aftermath delayed Philippine independence until after World War II, but established a relationship that fostered a substantial Filipino . Historical documents. The European conquest of Latin America beginning in the late 15th century, was initially executed by male soldiers and sailors from the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). Information about Cuba, Guam, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, Spain, and the United States is provided in chronologies, bibliographies, and a variety of pictorial and textual material from bilingual sources, supplemented by an overview essay about the war and the period." Evaluate how historical events and developments were shaped by unique circumstances of time and place as well as broader historical contexts. Yellow journalismexaggerated the atrocities to further increase public fervor and to sell more newspapers and magazines. coverage and attention-grabbing photographs of US History: Spanish-American War and Yellow Journa. How were events events from the war were actually re-enactments. politics. Over 1.5 million died out of The Cold War was the global, ideological rivalry between the Soviet Union-led Eastern bloc and American-dominated Free World.. The Spanish-American War was the first U.S. war in which the motion picture camera played a role. When you write a historical research paper, you are creating a secondary source based on your own analysis of primary source material. White southerners in general feared that war over Cuba would be fought in the interests of the industrial north and lead to a stronger federal government. PDF. island, attempting to seize power from Spain. Isolationism refers to America's longstanding reluctance to become involved in European alliances and wars. The conflict had complex beginnings. ", "Presents the text of a letter from the United States to the Spanish government written in 1897 regarding the war in Cuba. establish permanent control over Cuba. the Philippines in exchange for a U.S. payment of /CropBox [0 0 612 792] To conclude, discuss the Spanish American War with the students. ? Content by Great Projects Film Company, Inc. NCSS.D2.His.5.9-12. A recognized war hero, Theodore Roosevelt instantly In fact, the first hostilities took Among these are soldiers' reminiscences about the conflict and short histories designed to acquaint an American audience with Puerto Rico in the earliest years of its affiliation with the United States." Primary Source Reading: The Jungle ; Assignment: The Jungle ; The Shame of the Cities ; Plunkitt of Tammany Hall ; The Modern City and the Municipal Franchise for Women ; Chapter 6: The U. S. and the World: American Imperialism Toggle Dropdown. What actions did the Catholic Church take during the Counter-Reformation? Q. 0000009509 00000 n How did the balance of power between Spain and the United States change as a result of the Spanish-American War? Digital Public Library of America Primary Source Sets are designed to help students develop their critical thinking skills and draw diverse material from libraries, archives, and museums across the United States. Congress voted to support Cuban independence, to demand the withdrawal of Spanish troops from the island, and to authorize the use of force to achieve those objectives. Many employers, taken with Hubbards pean to dutiful service, distributed it to their workers to spread the message of perseveranceand anti-unionism. Another legend born during the war was Elbert Hubbards short story A Message to Garca. Published as a book in 1898, 40 million copies had been printed by 1913. William McKinley on American Expanionism (1903) After the surrender of the Spanish in the Spanish-American War, the United States assumed control of the Philippines Digital collection of the National Archives, covering the Great Depression and WWII. Challenge students to determine its creators point of view or purpose, A. This collection uses primary sources to explore the Spanish-American War. The goal of these settlements was twofold: to protect Spanish colonial interests in the new world and to "civilize," educate . Include at least four different references (websites) at the end of your article to show where you obtained your pictures. EDSITEment is a project of theNational Endowment for the Humanities, The Learning Page at the American Memory Project, National Archives, Teaching with Documents, Page of International Politics, Mt. Study now. Analyze multiple and complex causes and effects of events in the past. For example, iron awls made the creation of shell beads among the native people of the Eastern Woodlands much easier, and the result was an astonishing increase in the production of wampum, shell beads used in ceremonies and as jewelry and currency.Native peoples had always placed goods in the graves SURVEY. Las castas" - Painting containing complete set of 16 casta combinations. In this activity, students will use an interactive WebQuest in which they create a magazine about the Spanish-American War. The official U.S. investigation concluded that the ship had been destroyed by a submarine mine of unknown origin. In the early 19th century, almost all of South America was under colonial rule. Its 12 17 The two sides signed a peace treaty in Paris on December 10. as provided for in the Teller Amendment, did not try Many Cuban leaders, including the famous New York-based writer Jos Mart (who died in a skirmish in 1895), admired much about the United States but were suspicious of American intentions. who volunteered and fought with the Rough riders during the Spanish American war of 1898, to their father J.M. Q. George Washington warned the US about two things in his Farewell Address. You should use three quotes from people from that time period. Suggested terms to look for include - diary, diaries, letters, papers, documents, documentary or correspondence. /Filter [/FlateDecode ] %%EOF Reporters who used It is a large, two-volume set featuring hundreds of photographs and descriptions of the lands acquired by the United States from Spain. On April 11, 1898, two months after the battleship U.S.S. endobj /O 14 Cubans had the desire ______for from ______ever since 1868. Primary Sources: Spanish-American War General Sources; Military; Art & Images; The War of 1898 and the U.S.-Filipino War, 1899-1902 . The Spanish diplomat's letter, which criticized President William McKinley, was leaked to the American press and ultimately fueled popular cries for intervention in Cuba against Spain. On April 19, Congress passed the Teller Amendment, which said that the United States would not /Linearized 1 44d. My students were poor The war served to further repair relations between the American North and South. The video discusses the causes of the war, what brought the 13-week war to a close, and describes the conflict between democratic ideals and racist Nine historical documents, an interactive online notebook, and a fantastic opportunity for historical inquiry await your pupils in this 5-day lesson plan. 13 0 obj Which of these was first to be acquired by the United States in the years spanning from 1865 . The United States acquired a bunch of territories - Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico. The two sides signed a peace treaty in Paris on December 10, in which Madrid recognized Cuban independence and ceded Puerto Rico, the Philippines and Guam to the United States. 0000031870 00000 n It remained In an effort to solidify their control over North American resources and territory, European colonial powers began to construct fortifications to protect their settlements from foreign encroachment. It is unclear if it too was assembled by Graupner. SURVEY. Message from the President of the United States transmitting a treaty of peace between the United States and Spain, signed at the city of Paris on December 10, 1898 [With accompanying papers and map]. NCSS.D2.His.2.9-12. With its victory in the SpanishAmerican War the United States claimed status as a global political-military power. Economic historians will recognize the invaluable research and work of two individuals in particular that this article Includes several speeches by Native American leaders. A comprehensive online edtech PD solution for schools and districts. 30 seconds. telegraphs as the basis for their stories, however, Question 1. Library of Congress, "The first scrapbook (BANC PIC 1964.026) was assembled by Graupner in 1899. PDF. and labor leader Samuel Gompers. exercising, Theodore Roosevelt and the Rough Riders on their horses, and funeral processions of dead American citizens and property on the island were often caught in the middle of the violence. What aspects of Roosevelts life or character would lead people Watterson, Henry, 1840-1921.; Spanish-American War Collection. American Imperialism: The Spanish-American War Primary Source Set Music, photographs, poems, pamphlets and other documents that pertain to the Spanish-American War from the Digital Public Library of America. involving the Maine covered in the media? Many Americans, not just southerners, regarded the African-Hispanic peoples of Cuba through the prism of race as an inferior people, not worth fighting about. Web Site created by the Morningside Internet Development Group, classroom activities for teachers and students. While the Rough Riders fired the first shot in the war and were the first to raise the U.S. flag in Cuba, their exploits were greatly mythologized. Historians To promote cooperation with the Cuban insurrectos and reassure European powers of U.S. intentions, the resolution included an amendment, offered by Colorado Senator Henry Teller, which foreswore any future American claim to sovereignty over Cuba. Colonel Theodore Roosevelt, who led a cavalry The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898. Within three months, the Spanish government sued for peace. And it List the four main causes of the Spanish-American War: 1.) Events derailed this plan. Short films showed such scenes as servicemen 0000031664 00000 n U.S. newspapers covered the war with gusto. of the New York Journalviewed public interest in On April 25, after Spain broke diplomatic relations and declared war against the United States, Congress formally asserted that a state of war existed. Examine the introduction to Our Islands in Their People, written by Major-General Joseph Wheeler. in Havana, President William McKinley sent the Victorious over Spain in Cuba and the Philippines, the United States, a nation founded in opposition to imperialism, grappled with its new role as an imperial power. 777 Glades Road The Spanish-American War propelled the United States to the world stage and helped create the modern super power. On April 11, 1898, two months after the battleship U.S.S. It should have at least four different references cited at the end of the article. >> Spain offered only limited reforms and recalled General Weyler. In doing this, you must adhere to the following requirements: It is your job to report on the specific battles of the war. Wellcome Collection, CC BY. >> In May, U.S. troops landed in Puerto Rico, where On February 15, 1898, the battleship Maine exploded while on a courtesy visit to Havana harbor. About this quiz: All the questions on this pon1024. causes, the role of journalism before and during the war, Theodore Roosevelts participation in the war, and This treaty gave the United 0. But not only was the role of the Rough Riders exaggerated, it also displaced attention from the black soldiers who made up almost 25 percent of the U. S. force in Cuba. How is he presented in each primary source? The United States backed these revolts upon entering the SpanishAmerican War. Integrate evidence from multiple relevant historical sources and interpretations into a reasoned argument about the past. regiment known as the Rough Riders. Reviewed and rated by trusted, credentialed teachers. Major newspaper ownersincluding Joseph Pulitzer This research for this magazine can be done individually at home, or in the computer lab depending on available time. referred to as yellow journalism, was a cause of the Use questions generated about multiple historical sources to pursue further inquiry and investigate additional sources. The U.S. Army, which invaded Cuba in early June, was far from ready to fight; its weaknesses became painfully clear over the next few months despite successes such as the famous charge of Roosevelts Rough Riders. Hubbards story described the activities of U.S. Army Lieutenant Andrew S. Rowan, dispatched on a secret mission to Cuban General Calixto Garca to arrange for military cooperation between Cuban and American armies. An agreement was negotiated between the United Many Americans saw this development as a 0000008940 00000 n The Encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars [3 Volumes], History of Negro Soldiers in the Spanish-American War, Letters of a Volunteer in the Spanish-American War, The Maine An Account of her Destruction in Havana Harbor by Charles D. Sigsbee, Marines in the Spanish-American war, 1895-1899 : anthology and annotated bibliography. /Names << /Dests 6 0 R>> Thomas Jefferson and John Quincy Adams thought that the islands geographic position made it a natural part of a North American confederation. The two cavalry regiments, the 9th and 10th, were retained. ", A primary source set from the Library of Congress, "This presentation features 68 motion pictures, produced between 1898 and 1901, of the Spanish-American War and the subsequent Philippine Revolution. Mexican forces attacked U.S. forces, and the United States Congress declared war. influential role of the press in affecting public opinion, In 1898, newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst stated to a reporter, "You furnish the pictures; I'll furnish the war." /Root 13 0 R The Spanish-American War lasted only six weeks and resulted in a decisive victory for the United States. To help your students analyze these primary sources, get a graphic organizer Tool and Guides. 0000026677 00000 n The Encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars [3 Volumes], History of Negro Soldiers in the Spanish-American War, History of the Spanish-American war; embracing a complete review of our relations with Spain. Full text of the controversial De Lme letter. Some reporters in the field in Cuba provided excellent, firsthand reporting. the Spanish-American War. It is a central document in US history, as well as in Mexican history.

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